电传动自卸车与机械传动自卸车相比的优势
Major Superiority and Dominance of Electric Drive Off-highway Dump Truck Compared with Mechanical Drive Off-highway Dump Truck
1、电传动自卸车工作原理
1. Operational Principle of Electric Drive Off-highway Dump Truck
与Cummins KTA-38C 1200HP发动机同轴耦合的三相交流同步发电机发电，经三相桥式硅整流器整流后向装于后轮轮毂内的两台直流牵引电机供电，通过轮边减速器驱动后车轮旋转。通过调节三相交流同步发电机的励磁电流，来调节其输出电压，进而使直流牵引电机以不同的速度驱动自卸车运行。
Electric power generated by three-phase synchronous alternator which coaxial coupling with Cummins KTA-38C 1200HP diesel engine , passing through three-phase bridge silicon rectifier , feeding DC traction motor which set-up in rear-wheel hub , driving rear wheel through differential geared wheel redactor whirling . Speed regulating realized by output voltage regulation , through regulating output filed current that generated by three-phase synchronous alternator .
直流电动机与液压盘钳式制动器设计在一起，并安装在车轮轮辋内，这种电动轮驱动型式，其优点是结构紧凑、重量轻、传动简单、散热性能好。当车辆需要制动时，直流电动机变为发电机，将动能转换为电能，输入制动电阻栅，转换为热能并散发到空气中，与液力传动自卸车的液力缓速器相比，克服了液力缓速器结构复杂，接合和分离滞后时间长，不工作时有功率损失等缺点。
The optimized electric drive system set up both DC traction motor and hydraulic disc clamp-on brake into wheel rim ,featured as compacting and light –type structure , simple transmission , well heat-sinking function . When perform retarding , DC traction motor shall perform as a DC generator to convert dynamic power into electric power that shall entry retard resistance grid to be converted to heat power then distributed into air . Compared with hydraulic transmission off-highway dump truck , it dominated by uncomplicated structure , short starting time , no power loss when equipment shutdown , and other advantages ,
2、电传动自卸车的优势
a．操作简单
电传动自卸车能在较大范围内方便地实现无级调速、恒功运行，对于车辆动力变化，只要踩下加速踏板，电气系统即可完全自行调节
2. Major Superiority and Dominance of Electric Drive Off-highway Dump Truck
a. Electric Drive Off-highway Dump Truck can realize constant power traction , step-less speed regulating much more conveniently , it can automatically adjust vehicle power by pushing accelerate pedal
b．动力制动灵活
当卡车下坡时，电机动力制动状态，只要踩下踏板，卡车即可制动，而机械传动的动力制动存在动力制动器和发动机速度相匹配的操作要求，电制动方式与发动机冷却系统也没有负载和热转换的问题，具有操作方便的优点。
b. Flexible dynamic braking
When vehicle goes downgrade ,compared with mechanical drive ,electric off-highway dump truck can realize electric retarding by pushing on the pedal, however, mechanical drive dump truck requests not only matching between dynamic braking and engine speed regulating operation , but also has fast material wastage ,however ,electric braking and cooling system avoid exceed loading and heat conversion ,featured by simplified operating .
c．传动部件少，底盘结构简单
由于电动轮自卸车将牵引电机与轮边减速机构组合成一个整体安装在车轮轮辋腔内，节省了液力—机械传动车的变矩器、万向传动轴、液力缓速器、差速器的空间，方便了整车布置和空间利用。底盘结构简单，维修保养方便。
c. Few transmission elements , simple structure of chassis , easy to maintenance
Compared with hydraulic-mechanical drive dump truck , electric drive dump truck withdraw the application of hydraulic torque converter , universal transmission shaft , hydraulic retarder , differential gear , better overall layout , space saving , and a simple chassis ,easy to maintenance
d．维修费用低，使用寿命长
由于电动轮自卸车底盘简单，精密的运动部件相对较少，在整个寿命期内，维修费用相对机械车较低，每一次故障停机修理的时间也较短，设备效率更高，每吨公里运输成本较机械车低。
d . low cost of performance and maintenance ,long durability
Due to application of simple chassis and few of precision devices , it has relatively low cost for maintenance before its replace age , it takes a relatively short downtime to do repair , to ensure high working efficiency . Per kilometer performance cost is much lower than that mechanical drive dump truck dose .
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